September 2010 - talks - lists.cs.princeton.edu

Distinguished Colloquium Speaker, Oct 6- Daphne Koller
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 06 Oct '10

06 Oct '10

Probabilistic Models for Holistic Scene Understanding Daphne Koller, Stanford University Wednesday, October 6, 2010, 4:30pm Small Auditorium CS 105 Over recent years, computer vision has made great strides towards annotating parts of an image with symbolic labels, such as object categories or segment types. However, we are still far from the ultimate goal of providing a semantic description of an image, such as "a man, walking a dog on a sidewalk, carrying a backpack". In this talk, I will describe our work in this direction, which uses machine learning to construct richly structured, probabilistic models of multiple scene components. We demonstrate the value of such modeling for improvements in basic tasks such as image segmentation and object detection, as well as for making more semantic distinctions regarding shape and activity. The learning of such expressive models poses new challenges, especially when available training data is limited or only weakly labeled. I will describe novel machine learning methods that can train models using distantly or weakly labeled data, thereby making use of much larger amounts of available data. Daphne Koller received her BSc and MSc degrees from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, and her PhD from Stanford University in 1993. After a two-year postdoc at Berkeley, she returned to Stanford, where she is now a Professor in the Computer Science Department. Her main research interest is in developing and using machine learning and probabilistic methods to model and analyze complex domains. Her current research projects include models in computational biology and in extracting semantic meaning from sensor data of the physical world. Daphne Koller is the author of over 150 refereed publications, which have appeared in venues spanning Science, Nature Genetics, the Journal of Games and Economic Behavior, and a variety of conferences and journals in AI and Computer Science. She has received 9 best paper or best student paper awards, in conferences whose areas span computer vision (ECCV), artificial intelligence (IJCAI), natural language (EMNLP), machine learning (NIPS and UAI), and computational biology (ISMB). She has given keynote talks at over 10 different major conferences, also spanning a variety of areas. She was the program co-chair of the NIPS 2007 and UAI 2001 conferences, and has served on numerous program committees and as associate editor of the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research and of the Machine Learning Journal. She was awarded the Arthur Samuel Thesis Award in 1994, the Sloan Foundation Faculty Fellowship in 1996, the ONR Young Investigator Award in 1998, the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) in 1999, the IJCAI Computers and Thought Award in 2001, the Cox Medal for excellence in fostering undergraduate research at Stanford in 2003, the MacArthur Foundation Fellowship in 2004, the ACM/Infosys award in 2008, and the Rajeev Motwani Endowed Chair in 2010.

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4:30pm Wed Sep 29 colloquium by Michael Mitzenmacher
by Jennifer Rexford 28 Sep '10

28 Sep '10

Some Open Questions Related to Cuckoo Hashing Michael Mitzenmacher, Harvard Wednesday, September 29 4:30pm in CS 105 (with tea at 4pm in the 2nd floor tea room) In this talk, we will describe cuckoo hashing, a recently developed hashing scheme that offers the benefits of very high memory utilization and worst-case constant lookup times. We then discuss recent work in the area, including theoretical bounds on performance, practical methods for improving performance, and implementations on a GPU. Along the way, we will suggest several remaining open questions. The talk will require no prior background on cuckoo hashing, and is aimed for a wide audience, including both theory and systems. Michael Mitzenmacher is a Professor of Computer Science in the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University. Michael has authored or co-authored over 150 conference and journal publications on a variety of topics, including Internet algorithms, hashing, load-balancing, erasure codes, error-correcting codes, compression, bin-packing, and power laws. His work on low-density parity-check codes received the 2002 IEEE Information Theory Society Best Paper Award and the 2009 SIGCOMM Test of Time Award. His textbook on probabilistic techniques in computer science, co-written with Eli Upfal, was published in 2005 by Cambridge University Press.

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2pm Fri Oct 1 talk on "predicting faults in heterogenous federated distributed systems"
by Jennifer Rexford 24 Sep '10

24 Sep '10

Speaker: Professor Dejan Kostic, EPFL Title: Predicting Faults in Heterogeneous, Federated Distributed Systems Date/time: 2:00-3:00pm on Friday October 1 Location: CS 302 Abstract: It is notoriously difficult to make distributed systems reliable. This becomes even harder in the case of the widely-deployed systems that become heterogeneous and federated. The set of routers in charge of the inter-domain routing in the Internet is a prime example of such a system. The unanticipated interaction of nodes under seemingly valid configuration changes and local fault-handling can have a profound effect. For example, the Internet has suffered from multiple IP prefix hijackings, as well as performance and reliability problems due to emergent behavior resulting from a local session reset. We argue that the key step in making these systems reliable is the need to automatically predict faults. In this talk, I will describe the design and implementation of DiCE, a system that uses temporal and spatial awareness to predict faults in heterogeneous, federated systems. Our live evaluation in the testbed shows that DiCE quickly and successfully predicts two important classes of faults, operator mistakes and programming errors, that have plagued BGP routing in the Internet. Joint work with Marco Canini, Vojin Jovanovic, and Gautam Kumar Bio: Dejan Kostić obtained his Ph.D. in Computer Science at the Duke University, under Amin Vahdat. He spent the last two years of his studies and a brief stay as a postdoctoral scholar at the University of California, San Diego. He received his Master of Science degree in Computer Science from the University of Texas at Dallas, and his Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Engineering and Information Technology from the University of Belgrade (ETF), Serbia. In January 2006, he started as a tenure-track assistant professor at the School of Computer and Communications Sciences at EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Switzerland. In 2010, he received a European Research Council (ERC) Starting Investigator Award. His interests include Distributed Systems, Computer Networks, Operating Systems, and Mobile Computing.

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Colloquium Speaker, Sept. 22- Dick Sites
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 21 Sep '10

21 Sep '10

Identifying Dark Latency Richard L. Sites, Google, Inc. Wednesday, September 22, 2010, 4:30 PM Small Small Auditorium CS105 In astronomy and cosmology, dark matter is hypothetical matter that is undetectable by its emitted radiation, but whose presence can be inferred from gravitational effects on visible matter. [Wikipedia] By analogy, dark latency in software is latency that is undetectable directly, but whose presence can be inferred from overall application delays. We bring four tools to bear to observe dark latency in some Google web services, then identify and fix several root causes, in low-level Google libraries and in the TCP stack. The talk makes a case for building and using very low-overhead tools to do bursty tracing of hundreds of thousands of timestamped events per second. A methodology of time-aligning multiple traces (remote procedure call, network, CPU, and lock-contention) across scores of interacting machines is the minimum needed to understand some sources of latency in real web services. Dick Sites is a Senior Staff Engineer at Google, where he has worked for 6 years. He previously worked at Adobe Systems, Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett-Packard, Burroughs, and IBM. His accomplishments include co-architecting the DEC Alpha computers, advancing the art of binary translation for computer executables, adding electronic book encryption to Adobe Acrobat, decoding image metadata for Photoshop, and building various computer performance monitoring and tracing tools at the above companies. He also taught Computer Science for four years at UC/San Diego. Most recently he has been working on Unicode text processing and on CPU and network performance analysis at Google. Dr. Sites holds a PhD degree in Computer Science from Stanford and a BS degree in Mathematics from MIT. He also attended the Master's program in Computer Science at University of North Carolina 1969-70. He holds 34 patents and was recently elected to the U.S. National Academy of Engineering.

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Colloquium Speaker, Sept. 22- Dick Sites
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 16 Sep '10

16 Sep '10

Identifying Dark Latency Richard L. Sites, Google, Inc. Wednesday, September 22, 2010, 4:30 PM Small Small Auditorium CS105 In astronomy and cosmology, dark matter is hypothetical matter that is undetectable by its emitted radiation, but whose presence can be inferred from gravitational effects on visible matter. [Wikipedia] By analogy, dark latency in software is latency that is undetectable directly, but whose presence can be inferred from overall application delays. We bring four tools to bear to observe dark latency in some Google web services, then identify and fix several root causes, in low-level Google libraries and in the TCP stack. The talk makes a case for building and using very low-overhead tools to do bursty tracing of hundreds of thousands of timestamped events per second. A methodology of time-aligning multiple traces (remote procedure call, network, CPU, and lock-contention) across scores of interacting machines is the minimum needed to understand some sources of latency in real web services. Dick Sites is a Senior Staff Engineer at Google, where he has worked for 6 years. He previously worked at Adobe Systems, Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett-Packard, Burroughs, and IBM. His accomplishments include co-architecting the DEC Alpha computers, advancing the art of binary translation for computer executables, adding electronic book encryption to Adobe Acrobat, decoding image metadata for Photoshop, and building various computer performance monitoring and tracing tools at the above companies. He also taught Computer Science for four years at UC/San Diego. Most recently he has been working on Unicode text processing and on CPU and network performance analysis at Google. Dr. Sites holds a PhD degree in Computer Science from Stanford and a BS degree in Mathematics from MIT. He also attended the Master's program in Computer Science at University of North Carolina 1969-70. He holds 34 patents and was recently elected to the U.S. National Academy of Engineering.

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