March 2017 - talks - lists.cs.princeton.edu

Colloquium Speaker: Dan Ports, Today- 12:30pm
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 06 Mar '17

06 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Dan Ports, University of Washington Monday, March 6 - 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Prof. Michael Freedman Rethinking Distributed Systems for the Datacenter Today's most popular applications are deployed as massive-scale distributed systems in the datacenter. Keeping data consistent and available despite server failures and concurrent updates is a formidable challenge. Two well-known abstractions, strongly consistent replication and serializable transactions, can free developers from these challenges by transparently masking failures and treating complex updates as atomic units. Yet the conventional wisdom is that these techniques are too expensive to deploy in high-performance systems. I will demonstrate a new approach to designing distributed systems that allows strongly consistent distributed systems to be built with little to no performance cost. Taking advantage of the properties and capabilities of the datacenter environment, we can co-design distributed protocols and the network layer. Specifically, I will describe two systems for state machine replication, Speculative Paxos and Network-Ordered Paxos, and one for distributed transaction processing, Eris, built using this approach. They are able to achieve 5-17x performance improvements over conventional designs. Moreover, they achieve performance within 2% of their weakly consistent alternatives, demonstrating that strong consistency and high performance are not incompatible. Dan Ports is Research Assistant Professor in Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington, where he leads the distributed systems research group. His group's research focuses on building practical distributed systems with strong theoretical underpinnings. Prior to joining the faculty at UW in 2015, Dan received the Ph.D. from MIT (2012), where he was advised by Barbara Liskov, and completed a postdoc at UW CSE. His research has been recognized with best paper awards at NSDI and OSDI.

1 0

Colloquium Speaker: Dan Ports, Monday, March 6- 12:30pm -Reminder
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 05 Mar '17

05 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Dan Ports, University of Washington Monday, March 6 - 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Prof. Michael Freedman Rethinking Distributed Systems for the Datacenter Today's most popular applications are deployed as massive-scale distributed systems in the datacenter. Keeping data consistent and available despite server failures and concurrent updates is a formidable challenge. Two well-known abstractions, strongly consistent replication and serializable transactions, can free developers from these challenges by transparently masking failures and treating complex updates as atomic units. Yet the conventional wisdom is that these techniques are too expensive to deploy in high-performance systems. I will demonstrate a new approach to designing distributed systems that allows strongly consistent distributed systems to be built with little to no performance cost. Taking advantage of the properties and capabilities of the datacenter environment, we can co-design distributed protocols and the network layer. Specifically, I will describe two systems for state machine replication, Speculative Paxos and Network-Ordered Paxos, and one for distributed transaction processing, Eris, built using this approach. They are able to achieve 5-17x performance improvements over conventional designs. Moreover, they achieve performance within 2% of their weakly consistent alternatives, demonstrating that strong consistency and high performance are not incompatible. Dan Ports is Research Assistant Professor in Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington, where he leads the distributed systems research group. His group's research focuses on building practical distributed systems with strong theoretical underpinnings. Prior to joining the faculty at UW in 2015, Dan received the Ph.D. from MIT (2012), where he was advised by Barbara Liskov, and completed a postdoc at UW CSE. His research has been recognized with best paper awards at NSDI and OSDI.

1 0

Colloquium Speaker: Karthik Narasimhan, Friday March 10- 12:30pm
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 04 Mar '17

04 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Karthik Narasimhan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Friday, March 10- 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Barbara Engelhardt Grounding natural language with autonomous interaction The resurgence of deep neural networks has resulted in impressive advances in natural language processing (NLP). However, this success is dependent on access to large amounts of structured supervision, often manually constructed and unavailable for many applications and domains. In this talk, I will present novel computational models that integrate reinforcement learning with language understanding to induce grounded representations of semantics using unstructured feedback. These techniques not only enable task-optimized representations which reduce dependence on high quality annotations, but also exploit language in adapting control policies across different environments. First, I will describe an approach for learning to play text-based games, where all interaction is through natural language and the only source of feedback is in-game rewards. Second, I will exhibit a framework for utilizing textual descriptions to assist cross-domain policy transfer for reinforcement learning. Finally, I will demonstrate how reinforcement learning can enhance traditional NLP systems in low resource scenarios. In particular, I describe an autonomous agent that can learn to acquire and integrate external information to improve information extraction. Karthik Narasimhan is a PhD candidate working with Prof. Regina Barzilay at CSAIL, MIT. His research interests are in natural language understanding and deep reinforcement learning. His current focus is on developing autonomous systems that can acquire language understanding through interaction with their environment while also utilizing textual knowledge to drive their decision making. His work has received a best paper award at EMNLP 2016 and an honorable mention for best paper at EMNLP 2015. Karthik received a B.Tech in Computer Science and Engineering from IIT Madras in 2012 and an S.M in Computer Science from MIT in 2014.

1 0

Colloquium Speaker Xiang 'Anthony' Chen, Thursday, March 9- 12:30pm
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 03 Mar '17

03 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Xiang 'Anthony' Chen, Carnegie Mellon University Thursday, March 9, 2017 - 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Prof. Szymon Rusinkiewicz Computational Design and Fabrication to Augment the Physical World We are looking towards a future where a wide range of fabrication machines--from desktop 3D printers to industrial robotic arms--will allow end-users to create physical objects of their own designs. I develop computational design tools that enable end-users to express and convey their ideas into fabrication-ready 3D models. For example, Encore lets users print new parts directly onto, around or through existing objects; Reprise helps users generate and customize adaptations to mechanically enhance existing objects; Façade creates Braille overlays from user-taken photos to make appliances visually accessible; Forté turns a user's design into structures that can robustly support existing objects. In all these tools, the ultimate goal of fabrication is to augment the physical world, extending, adapting, annotating, or supporting existing objects to improve the quality of users' everyday lives. Xiang 'Anthony' Chen is a PhD student working with Scott Hudson and Stelian Coros from the School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University. His research develops technical and design approaches to build novel human-computer interfaces that enhance users' physical interactivity with ubiquitous computers, or enable their creativity in fabricating physical objects of their design (e.g., using 3D printing). Anthony is an Adobe Research Fellow in Human-Computer Interaction. Frequently collaborating with industrial research labs (Microsoft, Autodesk, and Google), he has published 13 papers in top-tier HCI conferences and journal (CHI, UIST, and TOCHI) and has received two best paper awards.

1 0

Colloquium Speaker: Asaf Cidon, Today- 12:30pm
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 03 Mar '17

03 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Asaf Cidon, Stanford University Friday, March 3 - 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Prof. Kyle Jamieson Reliability and Performance Challenges at Cloud Scale Cloud computing is quickly becoming the backbone for critical societal applications, such as self-driving cars, tele-medicine and Internet of Things. However, the unprecedented scale of cloud infrastructure, with millions of servers spread across hundreds of data centers, introduces new fundamental challenges that were not faced by past computer systems. In my talk, I will present two examples of systems, Copysets and Cliffhanger, which leverage an analytical approach to tackle novel challenges introduced by the scale of the cloud. In Copysets, I present a novel replication framework that reduces the probability of data loss by over 10,000 times for the common scenario of simultaneous server failures. In Cliffhanger, I present a key-value cache that dynamically adapts to changing cloud application workloads, which reduces the number of misses by 35% or more. Both of these systems provide an example for my research approach, of building practical systems that tackle novel unstudied problems introduced by the scale of the cloud. Asaf Cidon is the Vice President, Content Security Services at Barracuda Networks. He currently also leads the cloud caching research project at Stanford. Asaf completed his PhD at Stanford under Mendel Rosenblum and Sachin Katti. His research on cloud and mobile systems was published in NSDI and Sigcomm, and received the Best Student Paper Award in Usenix ATC. Asaf was also the founder and CEO of Sookasa, a cloud storage security startup, which was acquired by Barracuda Networks. His research focuses on how to provide reliability and performance guarantees in large-scale cloud environments, and was adopted by several companies, including Facebook, NetApp, and Chartbeat.

1 0

Colloquium Speaker: Asaf Cidon, Friday, March 3 - 12:30pm Reminder
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 02 Mar '17

02 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Asaf Cidon, Stanford University Friday, March 3 - 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Prof. Kyle Jamieson Reliability and Performance Challenges at Cloud Scale Cloud computing is quickly becoming the backbone for critical societal applications, such as self-driving cars, tele-medicine and Internet of Things. However, the unprecedented scale of cloud infrastructure, with millions of servers spread across hundreds of data centers, introduces new fundamental challenges that were not faced by past computer systems. In my talk, I will present two examples of systems, Copysets and Cliffhanger, which leverage an analytical approach to tackle novel challenges introduced by the scale of the cloud. In Copysets, I present a novel replication framework that reduces the probability of data loss by over 10,000 times for the common scenario of simultaneous server failures. In Cliffhanger, I present a key-value cache that dynamically adapts to changing cloud application workloads, which reduces the number of misses by 35% or more. Both of these systems provide an example for my research approach, of building practical systems that tackle novel unstudied problems introduced by the scale of the cloud. Asaf Cidon is the Vice President, Content Security Services at Barracuda Networks. He currently also leads the cloud caching research project at Stanford. Asaf completed his PhD at Stanford under Mendel Rosenblum and Sachin Katti. His research on cloud and mobile systems was published in NSDI and Sigcomm, and received the Best Student Paper Award in Usenix ATC. Asaf was also the founder and CEO of Sookasa, a cloud storage security startup, which was acquired by Barracuda Networks. His research focuses on how to provide reliability and performance guarantees in large-scale cloud environments, and was adopted by several companies, including Facebook, NetApp, and Chartbeat.

1 0

Colloquium Speaker: Irene Zhang, Today- 12:30pm
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 02 Mar '17

02 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Irene Zhang, University of Washington Thursday, March 2, 2017 - 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Jennifer Rexford Towards New Systems for Mobile/Cloud Applications The proliferation of datacenters, smartphones, personal sensing and tracking devices, and home automation products is fundamentally changing the applications we interact with daily. Today's popular user applications are no longer limited to a single desktop computer but now commonly span many mobile devices and cloud servers. As a result, existing systems often do not meet the needs of modern mobile/cloud applications. In this talk, I will present three systems designed to tackle the challenges of mobile/cloud applications: Sapphire, Diamond and TAPIR. These systems represent a first step towards better end-to-end support for mobile/cloud applications in runtime management, data management, and distributed transactional storage. Together, they significantly simplify the development of new mobile/cloud applications. Irene Zhang is a fifth-year PhD student at the University of Washington. She works with Hank Levy and Arvind Krishnamurthy in the Computer Systems Lab. Her current research focuses on systems for large-scale, distributed applications, including distributed runtime systems and transactional storage systems. Before starting her PhD, Irene worked for three years at VMware in the virtual machine monitor group. Irene received her S.B. and M. Eng. in computer science from MIT, where she worked with Frans Kaashoek in the Parallel and Distributed Operating Systems Lab.

1 0

Colloquium Speaker: Irene Zhang, Thursday, March 2- 12:30pm- reminder
by Nicole E. Wagenblast 01 Mar '17

01 Mar '17

Colloquium Speaker Irene Zhang, University of Washington Thursday, March 2, 2017 - 12:30pm Computer Science 105 Host: Jennifer Rexford Towards New Systems for Mobile/Cloud Applications The proliferation of datacenters, smartphones, personal sensing and tracking devices, and home automation products is fundamentally changing the applications we interact with daily. Today's popular user applications are no longer limited to a single desktop computer but now commonly span many mobile devices and cloud servers. As a result, existing systems often do not meet the needs of modern mobile/cloud applications. In this talk, I will present three systems designed to tackle the challenges of mobile/cloud applications: Sapphire, Diamond and TAPIR. These systems represent a first step towards better end-to-end support for mobile/cloud applications in runtime management, data management, and distributed transactional storage. Together, they significantly simplify the development of new mobile/cloud applications. Irene Zhang is a fifth-year PhD student at the University of Washington. She works with Hank Levy and Arvind Krishnamurthy in the Computer Systems Lab. Her current research focuses on systems for large-scale, distributed applications, including distributed runtime systems and transactional storage systems. Before starting her PhD, Irene worked for three years at VMware in the virtual machine monitor group. Irene received her S.B. and M. Eng. in computer science from MIT, where she worked with Frans Kaashoek in the Parallel and Distributed Operating Systems Lab.

1 0